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PDOC00261
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1995-07-26
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* Pentaxin family signature *
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Pentaxins (or pentraxins) [1] are a family of proteins which show, under
electron microscopy, a discoid arrangement of five noncovalently bound
subunits. Proteins known to belong to this family are:
- C-reactive protein (CRP), a protein which, in mammals, is expressed during
acute phase response to tissue injury or inflammation. CRP displays several
functions associated with host defense: it promotes agglutination,
bacterial capsular swelling, phagocytosis and complement fixation through
its calcium-dependent binding to phosphorylcholine. CRPs have also been
sequenced [2] in an invertebrate, the Atlantic horseshoe crab, where they
are a normal constituent of the hemolymph.
- Serum Amyloid P-component (SAP), a precursor of amyloid component P which
is found in basement membrane and is associated with amyloid deposits.
- Hamster female protein (FP) [3], a plasma protein whose concentration is
altered by sex steroids and stimuli that elicit an acute phase response.
- Human PTX3 [4]. PTX3 is a cytokine-induced protein whose function is not
yet known and which contains a pentaxin domain in its C-terminal half.
The sequences of the different members of this family are quite conserved. As
a signature, we selected a six residue pattern which includes a cysteine
known to be involved in a disulfide bridge in CRPs and SAP.
-Consensus pattern: H-x-C-x-[ST]-W-x-S
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-Last update: October 1993 / Text revised.
[ 1] Pepys M.B., Baltz M.L.
Adv. Immunol. 34:141-212(1983).
[ 2] Nguyen N.Y., Suzuki A., Boykins R.A., Liu T.-Y.
J. Biol. Chem. 261:10456-10465(1986).
[ 3] Dowton S.B., Woods D.E., Mantzouranis E.C., Colten H.R.
Science 228:1206-1208(1985).
[ 4] Breviario F., d'Aniello E.M., Golay J., Peri G., Bottazi B., Bairoch A.,
Saccone S., Marzella R., Predazzi V., Rocchi M., Della Valle G.,
Dejana E., Mantovani A., Introna M.
J. Biol. Chem. 267:22190-22197(1992).